Dr Shahzad Qureshi
As temperatures continue to rise during the summer season, health experts are warning people to prepare for an upcoming heatwave. Extreme heat can affect anyone, but young children, elderly people, and those with health conditions are especially at risk. During a heatwave, it is important to stay alert, take precautions, and protect yourself and your family from heat-related illnesses.
One of the most important things to remember during hot weather is to stay hydrated. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day helps the body maintain its temperature and prevents dehydration. Even if you do not feel thirsty, you should continue drinking fluids regularly. Avoid excessive tea, coffee, fizzy drinks, or alcohol, as they can lead to dehydration. Carrying a water bottle while travelling or working outdoors can also be very helpful.
People should try to stay indoors during the hottest part of the day, usually between 11am and 4pm. If you must go outside, wear lightweight and loose-fitting clothing made from breathable fabrics such as cotton. A hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen can provide additional protection from harmful sun rays. Walking in shaded areas and avoiding unnecessary physical activity can also reduce the risk of heat exhaustion.
Homes can become extremely warm during a heatwave, so keeping indoor spaces cool is important. Closing curtains or blinds during the daytime can block direct sunlight and help maintain lower indoor temperatures. Opening windows during the evening or early morning allows cooler air to circulate. Electric fans can provide some relief, but during extremely high temperatures, staying hydrated remains more important.
Heatwaves can also affect sleep and overall wellbeing. Hot nights may lead to discomfort and tiredness during the day. Taking cool showers, using light bedding, and keeping bedrooms ventilated can help improve sleep quality. People should also regularly check on elderly neighbours, relatives, or anyone living alone to ensure they are safe and comfortable.
Recognising the signs of heat-related illnesses is essential. Symptoms of heat exhaustion include dizziness, headaches, heavy sweating, tiredness, nausea, and muscle cramps. If someone experiences these symptoms, they should move to a cool place, drink water, and rest immediately. Heatstroke is more serious and requires urgent medical attention. Signs include confusion, rapid breathing, loss of consciousness, and a very high body temperature.
Children and pets should never be left inside parked cars, even for a short period. Temperatures inside vehicles can rise dangerously within minutes and may become life-threatening. Pet owners should also make sure animals have access to fresh water and shaded areas throughout the day.
As climate conditions continue to change, heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense in many parts of the world. By taking simple precautions and staying informed about weather warnings, people can reduce health risks and stay safe during extreme summer temperatures. Preparation, awareness, and care for others can make a big difference during periods of severe heat.
